A Brief Comparison of Historical Paths for the Clinical...

A Brief Comparison of Historical Paths for the Clinical and Counselling Streams of Psychology The current practices of the clinical and counselling psychological streams are not entirely dissimilar as both are concerned with the application of psychotherapy, education, research, and instruction (Mayne, Norcross, Sayette, 2000; Norcross, 2000). Clinical psychology is primarily concerned with the assessment, treatment, and study of populations who experience severe mental illness (Bechtoldt, Campbell, Norcross, Wyckoff, Pokrywa, 2000; Norcross, 2000) clinical psychologists mostly employ behavioral and psychoanalytic theoretical orientations when treating clients (Norcross, 2000). In contrast, counselling psychologists generally aim†¦show more content†¦He was more concerned with the classification of mental illness than methods of treatment, which led to his 1907 publication ‘The Psychological Clinic’, in which the term ‘clinical psychology’ was first officially mentioned (Reisman, 1976; Watson, 1953). Parallels can be seen between the begin nings of clinical and counselling psychology in terms of their mutual focus on children, their aims of social reform, and the period of time in which they were officially recognised. While the ‘age’ of counselling psychology is not as great as that of clinical psychology, its history is nonetheless remarkably detailed (Gladding, 2013). Many counselling psychologists agree that the profession’s genesis coincides with the aftermath of the Industrial Revolution. It was in this era—specifically, 1908—that social reformist Frank Parsons founded Boston’s Vocational Bureau, and a year later released the book ‘Choosing a Vocation’ (Gladding, 2013). The publication documented Parsons’ investigation into the careers now available to adolescent boys (Gladding, 2013). He was interested in this particular topic as the Industrial Revolution had given rise to many new employment opportunities, with the result that the boys of his investi gations would no longer need to fall into the same occupations as their fathers (Ginter, 2002; Gladding, 2013). Not only was this the first documented case of careers counselling, the publicationShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesTitle. HM786.M33 2007 302.3’5—dc22 2006022347 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 10 09 08 07 06 Typeset in 10/12.5 pt sabon by 72 Printed by Ashford Colour Press Ltd., Gosport The publisher’s policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests. . Brief Contents Preface List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements xiii xvii xix xx 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Introducing organization theory: what is it, and why does it matter? Modernist organization theory: back to the future? Neo-modernist